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References:

  1. El Sount, C. R. O., Windthorst, P., Denkinger, J., Ziser, K., Nikendei, C., Kindermann, D., ... & Junne, F. (2019). Chronic pain in refugees with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): A systematic review on patients' characteristics and specific interventions. Journal of psychosomatic research, 118, 83-97.

  2. Morina, N., Kuenburg, A., Schnyder, U., Bryant, R. A., Nickerson, A., & Schick, M. (2018). The Association of Post-traumatic and Postmigration Stress with pain and other somatic symptoms: an explorative analysis in traumatized refugees and asylum seekers. Pain Medicine, 19(1), 50-59.

  3. Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (US). Trauma-Informed Care in Behavioral Health Services. Rockville (MD): Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US); 2014. (Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series, No. 57.) Exhibit 1.3-4, DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for PTSD. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK207191/box/part1_ch3.box16/

  4. Harvard Program in Refugee Trauma. (2022). Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. Available from https://hprt-cambridge.org/screening/harvard-trauma-questionnaire/#:~:text=The%20Harvard%20Trauma%20Questionnaire%20(HTQ,six%20versions%20of%20this%20questionnaire. 

  5. Lazaridou, A., Elbaridi, N., Edwards, R. R., & Berde, C. B. (2018). Pain assessment. In Essentials of pain medicine (pp. 39-46). Elsevier.

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