Newcomer populations in Canada face unique challenges in infectious disease health due to factors such as limited access to healthcare, language barriers, and gaps in pre-arrival screening. Many arrive from regions with higher prevalence of tuberculosis, hepatitis B, and parasitic infections, yet may not receive adequate follow-up care due to systemic barriers. Additionally, crowded housing and precarious employment can increase exposure to communicable diseases like respiratory infections and gastrointestinal illnesses. Vaccine hesitancy, influenced by misinformation or past healthcare experiences, further complicates public health efforts. Culturally tailored healthcare approaches, improved access to primary care, and community outreach programs are essential to addressing these disparities and promoting infectious disease prevention in newcomer communities.